Medición de la eficiencia técnica mediante el método de la frontera estocástica. El caso del sector manufacturero italiano

Gabriela Schmidt; Paulino Campión

doi:10.52292/j.estudecon.2006.848

Autores

Gabriela Schmidt Universidad Nacional del Sur
Paulino Campión Universidad Nacional del Sur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52292/j.estudecon.2006.848

Palavras-chave:

Eficiencia técnica, Manufacturas, Diversidad estructural.

Resumo

El presente trabajo se propone identificar los factores que determinan los diferentes niveles de eficiencia técnica en el sector manufacturero mediante el enfoque econométrico de la frontera estocástica. Dicha metodología se aplica aquí al caso particular del sector industrial italiano¹. El mismo presenta características singulares con respecto al resto de los países europeos, debido al predominio de las pequeñas y medianas empresas y a la especialización en sectores maduros. Además, los llamados "distritos industriales" juegan un rol fundamental.
Nuestras estimaciones indican, por una parte, que existe diversidad estructural intersectorial -diversidad de fronteras de eficiencia-, y por otra parte, que la ineficiencia técnica explica la mayor parte de la brecha entre los niveles individuales de eficiencia y las fronteras óptimas.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Aigner, D., Lovell, C. y Schmidt, P. (1977), "Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models", Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol. 6, N°1, pp. 21-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(77)90052-5

Bagella, M., Becchetti, L. y Londoño Bedoya, D. A. (2004), "Investment and export subsidies in Italy: who gets them and what is their impact on investment and efficiency", Rivista di Politica Economica, Sipi - Confindustria, Roma, Italia. Fas. III-IV, Marzo-Aprile 2004.

Becattini, G. (1991), "Il distretto industriale marshalliano come concetto socioeconomico", en Pyke, F., Becattini, G. y Sengerberger, W., "Distretti industriali e cooperazione fra imprese industriali in Italia", Studi & Informazioni, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italia. Quaderni n.34.

Charnes, A., Cooper, W. y Rhodes, E. (1978), "Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units", European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol.2, N° 6, pp. 429-444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8

Coelli, T. (1995), "Estimators and hypothesis test for a stochastic frontier function: a Monte Carlo analysis", Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer Science+Business Media Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany. Vol.6, N°3, pp. 247-268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01076978

Coelli, T., Prasada Rao, D. y Battese, G. (1998), An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell MA, USA DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5493-6

Cornwell, C., Schmidt, P., y Sickles R. (1990), "Production frontiers with cross-sectional and time series variation in efficiency levels", Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol. 46, N°1-2, pp. 185-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90054-W

Farrel M. (1957), "The Measurement of Productive Efficiency", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, Blackwell Publishing (Oxford, UK) for the Royal Statistical Society, London, UK. Vol. 120, N°3, pp 253-290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2343100

Grasso, A. (1998), Piccola e media impresa, Ed. L'EPOS, Palermo, Italia.

Greene, W. (1990), "A gamma-distributed stochastic frontier model", Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol. 46, N°1-2, pp. 141-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(90)90052-U

Green, A. y Mayes, D (1991), "Technical inefficiency in manufacturing Industries", The Economic Journal, Blackwell Publishing (Oxford, UK) for the Royal Economic Society. Vol. 101, N° 406, pp. 523-538. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2233557

Gujarati, D. (1997), Econometría Básica, Tercera Edición, Ed. McGraw-Hill, Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia.

Istituto G. Tagliacarne - Unioncamere (2000), Le piccole e medie imprese nell'economia italiana, Rapporto 2000, Franco Angeli, Milano, Italia.

Kumbhakar, S. y Lovell, C. (2000), Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139174411

Lee, Y. y Schmidt, P. (1993), "A production frontier model with flexible temporal variation in technical efficiency", in The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, Fried, H., K. Lovell y S. Schmidt, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Lovell, C. (1993), "Production frontiers and productive efficiency", in The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, Fried, H., K. Lovell y S. Schmidt, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Meeusen, W. y Van den Broeck, J. (1977), "Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error", International Economic Review, Blackwell Publishing (Oxford, UK) for the Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, and the Institute of Social and Economic Research of the Osaka University, Osaka, Japan . Vol. 18, N° 2, pp. 435-444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2525757

Olson, J., Schmidt, P. y Waldman, D. (1980), "A Monte Carlo study of estimators of the stochastic frontier production function", Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol. 13, N°1, pp. 67-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(80)90043-3

Schmidt, P. y Sickles, R. (1984), "Production Frontiers and Panel Data", Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, Alexandria VA, USA. Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 367-374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1984.10509410

Sinan Cebenoyan, A., Cooperman, E. y Register, C. (1993), "Firm efficiency and the regulatory closure of S&Ls: an empirical investigation", The Review of Economics and Statistics, The MIT Press, Cambridge MA, USA. Vol. 75, N° 3, pp. 540-545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2109472

Stevenson, R. (1980), "Likelihood functions for generalized stochastic frontier estimations", Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Vol. 13, N°1, pp. 58-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(80)90042-1